Orthodontic treatment follows a structured, multi-stage path to correct tooth alignment and occlusion. It begins with a thorough evaluation and ends with a retention phase to stabilize the results. Here are the detailed stages of orthodontic treatment.
First consultation: initial assessment and diagnosis
This first step is essential to assess the need for orthodontic treatment and guide the patient towards the best solution.
Consultation procedure
- Clinical examination of dentition, facial growth and occlusion.
- Discussion of patient expectations and explanation of treatment options.
- Identification of any functional problems (atypical swallowing, mouth breathing, thumb sucking, etc.).
- If necessary, referral to other specialists (ENT, dental surgeon, speech therapist).
Orthodontic check-up: additional examinations and treatment plan
Once the need has been confirmed, a full assessment is carried out to establish a precise diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan.
Tests performed
- X-rays: dental panoramic and teleradiography to analyze bone and dental structures.
- Intraoral and extraoral photographs: to assess facial aesthetics and harmony.
- Dental impressions: taken in digital or physical form to model the dental arch.
- Cephalometric analysis: study of the relationship between bone and tooth structures.
Drawing up a treatment plan
- Definition of the appropriate orthodontic technique (metal braces, ceramics, invisible aligners, functional aligners, etc.).
- Estimated duration of treatment.
- Explanation of constraints (hygiene, diet, regular appointments).
- Presentation of the quotation and information on reimbursement terms and conditions.
Treatment set-up: device installation
Treatment begins with the fitting of the braces chosen on the basis of the diagnosis and therapeutic objectives.
Types of equipment used
- Fixed appliances (metal or ceramic multi-attachments): allow precise control of tooth movement.
- Invisible aligners: removable transparent aligners, comfortable and discreet.
- Functional appliances: used mainly in growing children to correct jaw misalignments.
- Palatal expansion devices: widen the palate to correct dental crowding.
Installation sequence
- Tooth cleaning and preparation.
- Gluing the fasteners or installing the unit.
- Explanation of oral hygiene rules.
- Advice on diet and precautions to take (avoid hard or sticky foods, adapt brushing).
Regular monitoring: adjustments and progress control
Once the device has been fitted, follow-up appointments are scheduled every 4 to 8 weeks.
Objectives of follow-up consultations
- Adjustment of wires, arches or elastics to optimize tooth movement.
- Monitor progress of correction and adapt treatment if necessary.
- Oral health assessment (gums, hygiene, condition of teeth).
- Repair of any delamination or damage to the device.
Good follow-up is crucial to guaranteeing treatment efficacy and avoiding any delay in the expected results.
Restraint phase: stabilizing results
At the end of active treatment, the restorative phase maintains the teeth in their new position and prevents recurrence.
Restraint methods
- Bonded retention wire: placed on the inside of the teeth to provide permanent stabilization.
- Removable retention gutters: worn mainly at night, they help maintain alignment.
- Restraint plates: used in certain specific cases.
Duration of restraint
- Restraint must be worn for the long term, sometimes for life, to guarantee stability.
- Regular check-ups (every 6 months to 1 year) ensure that results are maintained.
Post-treatment follow-up: long-term monitoring
Even after the restraint phase, occasional consultations are recommended to avoid any recurrence.
- Regular orthodontic check-ups to ensure stability.
- Growth monitoring in children and adolescents.
- Adjustment or replacement of restraint devices if necessary.
The orthodontic treatment pathway is a structured process requiring rigor and commitment on the part of the patient. From the initial consultation to retention, each stage plays a key role in the success of the treatment. Careful follow-up and good oral hygiene are essential to guarantee lasting results and a harmonious smile.